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PZC Chatometry

A standard system to measure wood chatoyance

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    • South and Central America
      • Angelim
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    • Woodworker’s Guide to Chatoyance
    • Woodworker’s Guide to Chatoyance – Compact Edition

Ebony, Gaboon

diospyros crassiflora, Ebenaceae, Angiospermae (Hardwood)

reference picture – see below for more pictures

Other names: Afrikanisches ebenholz, Cubaga, Ébène, Épindé-pindé, Mavini, Mévini, Ndou, Mopini, Évila, Ebano, Abokpo, Kanran, Nyareti, Osibin, Bingo, Ngoubou, African ebony

Chatoyance was measured by the chatometry.com team using the PZC method. The statistics for this specific timber are hereby summarized to provide an evaluation of data robustness:
Number of sources for samples: 5
Number of individual trees analyzed: 5
Number of specimens: 8
Number of measurements: 33
Max PZC read (of all measurements): 8.4
Min PZC read (of all measurements): 5.5
Max PZC average on one log: 7.9
Min PZC average on one log: 5.7
PZC Average of all logs: 6.7

Species: diospyros crassiflora
Family: Ebenaceae
Clade: Angiospermae
Description: Diospyros crassiflora, commonly known as African ebony or Gabon ebony, is a medium to large evergreen tree native to West and Central Africa. It is highly prized for its exceptionally dense, jet-black heartwood, which is the true ebony used in fine woodworking and musical instruments. The tree also produces small, edible, yellow-orange fruits.
Other Local Names: Afrikanisches ebenholz, Cubaga, Ébène, Épindé-pindé, Mavini, Mévini, Ndou, Mopini, Évila, Ebano, Abokpo, Kanran, Nyareti, Osibin, Bingo, Ngoubou, African ebony

Reference Colour: Black
Texture: Fine
Grain: Straight or interlocked
Interlocked Grain: Slight
Notes: Logs may present different kinds of defects, especially small pinholes and heartwood rot. Wood is uniform black to black brown ( Diospyros mespiliformis ).

Diameter: 30÷60cm
Density @12% MC: 900kg/m³
Janka Hardness: 2100lbf
Crushing Strength @12%MC: 58MPa
Static Bending Strength @12%MC: 130MPa
Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity E: 15.5GPa
Volumetric Shrinkage Coefficient: 0.51% per %
Total Tangential Shrinkage TS: 11%
Total Radial Shrinkage TS: 7%
T/R Anisotropy Ratio: 1.6-
Fibre Saturation Point: 29%
Thermal Conductivity: 0.29W/mk
Sapwood Thickness: 5÷12cm
Sapwood Demarcation: Clearly demarcated

Resistance to Decay: Class 1 – very durable
Resistance to Dry Wood Borers: Class D – durable (sapwood demarcated, risk limited to sapwood)
Resistance to Termites: Class D – durable
Treatability: Class 4 – non-treatable
Use Class Covered by Natural Durability: Class 4 – in ground or fresh water contact

Log Buoyancy: Does not float
Log Conservation: Good
Drying Rate: Slow
Drying Risk of Distortion: High risk
Drying Risk of Case Hardening: No known specific risk
Drying Risk of Checking: High risk

Blunting Effect: High
Sawing Tooth: Stellite-tipped
Machining Tool: Tungsten carbide
Suitability for Peeling: Not recommended or without interest
Suitability for Slicing: Good
Sawing Machining Notes: Powerful machines are necessary for machining and slicing due to the significant hardness of wood. Sawdust may cause dermatitis. Sawed veneer sheets are frequently used in cabinet work.
Assembly Nailing Screwing: Good but pre-
Assembly Notes: High specific gravity: important that gluing be performed in compliance with the code of practice and instructions for the glue used.
Additional Notes: A preliminary surface treatment with alcohol is recommended for polyester coatings, and undercoats
End Uses: Turned goods, Tool handles (resilient woods), Cabinetry (high-end furniture), Sawed veneer sheets, Musical instruments, Sculpture, Wind instruments, Marquetry

Source 1: Tropical Timber Atlas, Editions Quae, e-ISBN 978-2-7592-2770-9

Pictures – each from a different individual tree:

Log 1 (from [Source 4]) – PZC = 7.3
Log 2 (from [Source 20]) – PZC = 5.6
Log 3 (from [Source 22]) – PZC = 6.7
Log 4 (from [Source 19]) – PZC = 6.3
Log 5 (from [Source 27]) – PZC = 8.4

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