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PZC Chatometry

A standard system to measure wood chatoyance

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    • Woodworker’s Guide to Chatoyance
    • Woodworker’s Guide to Chatoyance – Compact Edition

Sapele

entandrophragma cylindricum, Meliaceae, Angiospermae (Hardwood)

reference picture – see below for more pictures

Other names: Sapelli-mahogany, Undianuno, Assié, Assié-sapelli, Aboudikro, Penkwa, Sapelewood, Muyovu, M’boyo, Lifaki

Chatoyance was measured by the chatometry.com team using the PZC method. The statistics for this specific timber are hereby summarized to provide an evaluation of data robustness:
Number of sources for samples: 13
Number of individual trees analyzed: 18
Number of specimens: 57
Number of measurements: 171
Max PZC read (of all measurements): 25.4
Min PZC read (of all measurements): 12.8
Max PZC average on one log: 24.5
Min PZC average on one log: 14.1
PZC Average of all logs: 20.4

Species: entandrophragma cylindricum
Family: Meliaceae
Clade: Angiospermae
Description: A large tropical hardwood tree, Entandrophragma cylindricum is valued for its durable, reddish-brown timber. It features pinnate leaves and produces distinctive, elongated woody capsules that split to release winged seeds.
Other Local Names: Sapelli-mahogany, Undianuno, Assié, Assié-sapelli, Undianuno, Aboudikro, Undianuno, Penkwa, Sapelewood, Sapele, Muyovu, M’boyo, Lifaki, Sapele

Reference Colour: Red brown
Texture: Fine
Grain: Interlocked grain
Interlocked Grain: Slight to very marked
Notes: Wood pinkish brown to copper red brown. Cedar scent. Possible presence of ring shakes and blister grains (longitudinal fissures in the shape of barley grain on the curved surface of Quarter sawn round timber, generally concealed by the bark and linked to a dysfunction in tree growth).

Diameter: 70÷120cm
Density @12% MC: 690kg/m³
Janka Hardness: 1260lbf
Crushing Strength @12%MC: 62MPa
Static Bending Strength @12%MC: 102MPa
Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity E: 13.96GPa
Volumetric Shrinkage Coefficient: 0.47% per %
Total Tangential Shrinkage TS: 7.2%
Total Radial Shrinkage TS: 5%
T/R Anisotropy Ratio: 1.4-
Fibre Saturation Point: 29%
Thermal Conductivity: 0.23W/mk
Lower Heating Value: 17810KJ/Kg
Sapwood Thickness: 4÷8cm
Sapwood Demarcation: Clearly demarcated

Resistance to Decay: Class 3 – moderately durable
Resistance to Dry Wood Borers: Class D – durable (sapwood demarcated, risk limited to sapwood)
Resistance to Termites: Class M – moderately durable
Treatability: Class 3 – poorly treatable
Use Class Covered by Natural Durability: Class 2 – inside or under cover (dampness possible)
Durability Notes: This species is listed in the NF EN 350 standard.

Log Buoyancy: Floats
Log Conservation: Moderate (treatment recommended)
Drying Rate: Normal
Drying Risk of Distortion: High risk
Drying Risk of Case Hardening: No known specific risk
Drying Risk of Checking: Slight risk

Blunting Effect: Normal
Machining Tool: Ordinary
Suitability for Peeling: Good
Suitability for Slicing: Good
Sawing Machining Notes: Prone to tearing in planing (interlocked grain).
Assembly Nailing Screwing: Good
Assembly Notes: Can stain when gluing.
Additional Notes: Light and regular interlocked grain: appreciated for slicing. Highly interlocked grain, troublesome for some end, uses
End Uses: Framing, Panelling, Coffins, Exterior joinery, Ship building (planking and deck), Interior joinery, Cabinetry (high-end furniture), Built-in furniture or mobile item, Stairs (inside), Flooring, Veneer for back or face of plywood, Sliced veneer, Veneer for interior of plywood

Source 1: Tropical Timber Atlas, Editions Quae, e-ISBN 978-2-7592-2770-9

Pictures – each from a different individual tree:

Log 1 (from Mr. Terraneo) – PZC = 21.9
Log 2 (from Seralvo) – PZC = 22.3
Log 3 (from Seralvo) – PZC = 23.2
Log 4 (from [Source 14]) – PZC = 17.5
Log 5 (from [Source 18]) – PZC = 22.4
Log 6 (from [Source 9]) – PZC = 14.1
Log 7 (from P. Hinds) – PZC = 22.8
Log 8 (from P. Hinds) – PZC = 21.3
Log 9 (from P. Hinds) – PZC = 22.4
Log 10 (from P. Hinds) – PZC = 18.3
Log 11 (from [Source 27]) – PZC = 18.4
Log 12 (from Evolution Panels and Doors) – PZC = 22.1
Log 13 (from [Source 1]) – PZC = 25.0
Log 14 (from [Source 28]) – PZC = 21.7
Log 15 (from [Source 27]) – PZC = 20.9
Log 16 (from C. Pozzoli) – PZC = 14.0
Log 17 (from [Source 56]) – PZC = 19.4
Log 18 (from [Source 79]) – PZC = 23.5

See also
FINISHING SAPELE
PROGRESSIVE GRIT SANDING
ULTRA FINE SANDING
SUPERSURFACING
EPOXY RESIN
BLEACHING SAPELE
UV LIGHT EXPOSURE
MICROSCOPE PICTURES
LARGE GIFS 5
LARGE GIFS 6
SCRAPING
PROGRESSIVE GRIT SANDING PART 2

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